Benin, on West Africa’s Gulf of Guinea coast, has a layered history: the powerful pre-colonial kingdom of Dahomey, French colonial rule, and a Marxist-Leninist period after independence. The country gained full independence from France on 1 August 1960.
A military coup in 1972 brought Mathieu Kérékou to power. In 1975 he renamed the country the People’s Republic of Benin, and the one-party state lasted until the democratic transition of the early 1990s. Cotonou, the economic capital, hosts the country’s main universities and archives for historical research.
Students of West African history can study the Dahomey kingdom, the slave trade era, colonialism, and post-independence politics. The original version of this article named a specific history master’s in Cotonou, cited 2,500 enrolled history students at the University of Abomey-Calavi, and included testimonials. The named degree, the enrollment figure, and the testimonials could not be verified and have been removed.
Related history reading on this site includes the guides to Ottoman Empire history in Istanbul, Viking history and archaeology in Oslo, and Nile Valley archaeology in Khartoum.

