Iraq is the heartland of ancient Mesopotamia, home to the cities of Ur, Babylon, and Nineveh. Baghdad, the capital, hosts the Iraq Museum, whose collections cover the region’s archaeology from prehistory onward.
One well-documented case from the museum’s modern history concerns the Lady of Warka, a stone head dating to about 3100 BCE. It was looted from the Iraq Museum during the 2003 invasion and recovered in September 2003. The episode illustrates both the importance of the country’s archaeological heritage and the risks it has faced.
Archaeological work in Iraq involves excavation, survey, and museum-based research, often in collaboration with international teams. Conditions for fieldwork change with the security situation, so students should follow current guidance from universities and government sources. The original version of this article named specific field schools and cited a 40 percent growth in archaeological discoveries, none of which could be verified. Those claims have been removed.
Related archaeology guides on this site cover Mediterranean archaeology in Tunis, Nile Valley archaeology in Khartoum, and Viking history and archaeology in Oslo.

